"How to..." Addict
Ecclectic collection of how to do things in a natural, unnatural or hilarious way
Monday, March 24, 2014
Monday, August 5, 2013
ReBlog : How to Write Better Stories
Ten Secrets To Write Better Stories
Writing isn’t easy, and writing a good story is even harder.
I used to wonder how Pixar came out with such great movies, year after year. Then, I found out a normal Pixar film takes six years to develop, and most of that time is spent on the story.
How do you write a story, and more importantly, how do you write one that’s good?
Everything I Know About How to Write a Story
Since I started The Write Practice a few years ago, I’ve been trying to wrap my head around this question, how to write a good story. I’ve read books and blog posts on writing, taken classes, asked dozens of authors, and, of course, written stories myself.
The following ten steps are a distillation of everything I’ve learned about writing a good story. I hope it makes writing your story a little easier, but more than that, I hope it challenges you to step deeper into your own exploration of how to write a good story.
1. Write In One Sitting
Write the first draft of your story in as short a time as possible. If you’re writing a short story, try to write it in one sitting. If you’re writing a novel, try to write it in one season (three months).
Don’t worry too much about plotting or outlining beforehand. You can do that once you know you have a story to tell in the first place. Your first draft is a discovery process. You are like an archeologist digging an ancient city out of the clay. You might have a few clues about where your city is buried beforehand, but you don’t know what it will look like until it’s unearthed.
All that’s to say, get digging!
2. Develop Your Protagonist
Stories are about protagonists, and if you don’t have a good protagonist, you won’t have a good story. The essential ingredient for every protagonist is that they must make decisions. Victor Frankl said, “A human being is a deciding being.” Your protagonist must make a decision to get herself into whatever mess she gets into in your story, and likewise, she must decide to get herself out of the mess.
To further develop your protagonist, use other character archetypes like the villain, the protagonist’s opposite, or the fool, a sidekick character that reveals the protagonist’s softer side.
3. Create Suspense and Drama
To create suspense, set up a dramatic question. A dramatic question is something like, “Is he going to make it?” or, “Is she going to get the man of her dreams?” By putting your protagonist’s fate in doubt, you make the reader ask, What happens next?
Note: To do this well, you need to carefully restrict the flow of information to the reader. Nothing destroys drama like over-sharing.
4. Show, Don’t Tell
Honestly, the saying “show, don’t tell” is overused. However, when placed next to the step above, it becomes very effective.
When something interesting happens in your story that changes the fate of your character, don’t tell us about it. Show the scene! Your readers have a right ro see the best parts of the story play out in front of them. Show the interesting parts of your story, and tell the rest.
5. Write Good Dialogue
Good dialogue comes from two things: intimate knowledge of your characters and lots of rewriting. Each character must have a unique voice, and to make sure your characters all sound different, read each character’s dialogue and ask yourself, “Does this sound like my character?” If your answer is no, then you have some rewriting to do.
Also, with your speaker tags, try not to use anything but “he said” and “she said.” Speaker tags like “he exclaimed,” “she announced,” and “he spoke vehemently” are distracting and unnecessary. The occasional “he asked” is fine, though.
6. Write About Death
Think about the last five novels you read. In how many of them did a character die? Good stories often involve death. Harry Potter, The Hunger Games, Charlotte’s Web, The Lord of the Rings, and more all had main characters who died. Death is the universal theme because every person who lives will one day die. Tap the power ofdeath in your storytelling.
7. Edit Like a Pro
Most professional writers write three drafts or more. The first draft is often called the “vomit draft” or the “shitty first draft.” Don’t share it with anyone! Your first draft is your chance to explore your story and figure out what it’s about.
Your second draft isn’t for polishing, although many new writers will try to polish as soon as they can to clean up their embarrassing first draft. Instead, the second draft is meant for major structural changes and for clarifying the plot and characters of your novel or the key ideas of your non-fiction book.
The third draft is for deep polishing. Now is when everything starts to gel. This is the fun part! But until you write the first two drafts, polishing is probably a waste of your time.
8. Know the Rules, Then Break Them
Good writers know all the rules and follow them. Great writers know all the rules and break them. However, the best writers don’t break the rules arbitrarily. They break them because their stories require a whole new set of rules. Respect the rules, but remember that you don’t serve the rules. You serve your stories.
9. Defeat Writer’s Block
The best way to defeat writers block is to write. If you’re stuck, don’t try to write well. Don’t try to be perfect. Just write.
Sometimes, to write better stories, you have to start by taking the pressure off and just writing.
10. Share Your Work
You write better when you know someone will soon be reading what you’ve written. If you write in the dark, no one will know if you aren’t giving your writing everything you have. But when you share your writing, you face the possibility of failure. This will force you to write the best story you possibly can.
What are your best tips for writing good stories?
PRACTICE
Do you have a story to tell?
Write the first draft in one sitting using the tips above. Then, share a few paragraphs of your practice here in the comments section. And if you share your practice, be sure to leave feedback on a few practices by other writers, too.
Good luck!
Repost: How to Write a Short Story No One Else Can
How to Write a Short Story No One Else Can Write [interview with Danielle Lazarin]
Today, I’m talking to Danielle Lazarin about how to get your short story published by a literary magazine, how to know when your story is finished, and how to write stories no one else can write.
Danielle has a forthcoming story in Glimmer Train, and has published in Michigan Quarterly Review, The Boston Review, and onFiveChapters.com. She received her Masters in creative writing at University of Michigan. She knows her stuff.
You can check out Danielle’s website and follow her on Twitter (@d_lazarin).
Let’s jump into the interview!
Danielle, you’ve written for some of the most competitive literary magazines around. How long had you been writing before you had one accepted?
I began submitting stories to literary magazines in college; my first story was accepted by Michigan Quarterly Review shortly after I finished my MFA in 2007. Time wise, that’s well over a decade. But of course the quality of the stories I wrote in high school and college are vastly different than what I was working on in graduate school and am now.
How many short stories did you write before you were able to get that first one published?
That kind of counting doesn’t end well, in my experience. Let’s just say enough to know that that particular story was ready to be out in the world in ways that most of the others were not.
Do you know why that first story was chosen and not all the others?
I think the other stories I had sent out were simply not ready, for various reasons. Oftentimes when I got rejections they were unsurprising; I felt not sadness but relief, because I knew in the back of my head that there was still more work to be done on the story, and now I could do it.
I’m still working on being patient with myself and my work. The plan is to build a career, to write till I can’t type, or mind-meld, or however we’ll be using technology to tell stories in fifty years. I want every published story to be one I can stand behind for a long time. Some of those stories I sent too soon have since been published, but after much revision. Some are still in revision.
Generally, though, it’s really hard to say why one story is published after many rejections or never at all or quickly, why some stories win contests or don’t. I always try to remember that a reader is subjective. Pick up any story collection or literary magazine and it’s clear that the world is full of stories with engaging character and strong arcs and beautiful prose. But that doesn’t mean that each of those stories are amazing in my eyes; it might not get me as a reader.
When it comes down to it, for publishing purposes, you are speaking to a small group of readers, and your story just might not connect with them. Before that, of course, you have to be sure that you have done all that other work, that you have satisfied all your criteria for characters and arc and sentences.
What do you enjoy about writing stories? What do you hate about writing them?
I love living inside the suspended disbelief of stories, of the act of writing when you feel like you are reporting rather than inventing, when the stories you are telling feel so true to you you forget that you are indeed making them up.
I love when I am out in the world living my life, on the way to the playground with my girls or catching a bus, and something comes to me in a flash—a detail about a character, or a plot point, and that rush to write it down, that hunger to sit down with the newfound knowledge and see where it takes me, how those little details open up portals.
Having those tidbits stored up is exciting. I ride on that excitement, as the time I have to write is not as much as I’d like it to be, as I’m home with my kids, who are not in school full-time yet.
I hate the feeling of missing puzzle pieces. Of having a story be almost there, and knowing there is something wrong with it, but being unsure what it is, or even if I know what the problem is, not knowing how to fix it.
I’ve had a number of stories where this is true, and I tried various revisions, but they weren’t working, and I felt as though I was spinning in circles. I put both of those stories away for some time, till I felt I had shaken their familiarity out of me.
Then I went back when I started thinking about them again. One of them was published by Five Chapters and the other won the Glimmer Train contest.
What are three things a writer can do to write publishable short stories?
1. Find a few good readers.
By a good reader, I don’t mean someone who loves your work unconditionally. I mean someone who adores your work as a whole, but who is also serving its greater purpose, who is not afraid to give you criticism and from whom you can hear and use that feedback. It can take a while to find that reader. I have a few friends from graduate school and college whose feedback is invaluable to my stories.
2. Hone your own editor.
This perhaps contradicts number one, but you also have to gain a sense of what youwant out of your stories.
Sometimes the most useful feedback I’ve received from other writers or teachers has been things I’ve disagreed with, someone telling me that an element doesn’t work at all, and my knowing that that non-working component is vital to the story I’m trying to tell. And then I have a burning desire to make that line or sentiment or secondary character work, to make that reader understand how vital it is.
Often in workshops people tell you to cut what isn’t working, but I think first you have to check and see if you want it to work. It’s a different way of listening to feedback, of understanding your goals for your story.
3. Write a story that no one else can write.
I spoke of this some in my essay for Glimmer Train: I believe you have to claim your territory through specific details, through a sense of ownership of a kind of character or experience. You do this by tapping into your own history, the places and characters you know most intimately.
I took a workshop with Julie Orringer some years ago and she asked us to write from an area of our own expertise—to draw on a narrow experience, such as being a competitive piano player, or the daughter of a mother in a wheelchair, or spending summers in a particular town or house.
When I teach, I use a variation of that exercise, and it always generates the most vivid, confident stories, far more interesting than students trying to think of a wacky or surreal set of circumstances in an effort to stand out. Those stories often read as inauthentic because it’s so outside their experience that they look in at their characters rather than see from inside of them.
If you feel connected to your work, if a character reminds you of a place or person you are connected to emotionally, that will come through and give you a sense of stake in your stories.
What’s your favorite story you’ve written?
The one I’m working on now, if, of course, I’m not struggling tremendously with it that day. I feel very connected to each of my stories, or I wouldn’t spend so much time with them. But once they are done, I move along to the next character or idea. They’re like students, really. I want to see them do well in the world, but if I spend too much time admiring them and looking after them after they’re gone I can’t move on to what’s next; I can’t fall in love with some other story enough to write it all the way through.
I am not a fast writer; many of my stories take years from draft to final version, as I find I need to put them down for a bit when I get stuck and focus on a different story. I move forward bit by bit on a number of things at one time, and I need the promise of something new just ahead or I just stay stuck.
Right now I’m working on a novel, which is a different kind of beast, but it has a multi-character point of view, and so that keeps it fresh; if one character is giving me problems, I just ditch them and hang out with someone else for a while.
And yes, I do think of it as hanging out with my imaginary friends.
Thanks Danielle! Writers, don’t forget to check out Danielle’s websiteand follow her on Twitter to get updates about her latest stories.
If you want to learn more about how to write a publishable short story, check out Let’s Write a Short Story, an ebook about the art and science of writing and publishing short stories.
PRACTICE
I love the idea of “drawing on narrow experience” that Danielle mentioned. You have experiences that make your life unique, whether it’s your childhood memories, your work experience, your travels, or your relationships.
Write about your narrow experience. Be as specific as you can.
Write for fifteen minutes. When you’re finished, post your practice in the comments section.
And if you post, please be sure to comment on a few posts by other writers.
Happy writing!
Thursday, July 25, 2013
How to Enrich Your Most Commonly Used Latin Vocabulary
(This is just a reblog for your Daily Latin Reference)
Latin Words and Phrases Every Man Should Know
What do great men like Benjamin Franklin, Teddy Roosevelt, and Winston Churchill have in common?
They all were proficient in Latin.
From the Middle Ages until about the middle of the 20th century, Latin was a central part of a man’s schooling in the West. Along with logic and rhetoric, grammar (as Latin was then known) was included as part of the Trivium – the foundation of a medieval liberal arts education. From Latin, all scholarship flowed and it was truly the gateway to the life of the mind, as the bulk of scientific, religious, legal, and philosophical literature was written in the language until about the 16th century. To immerse oneself in classical and humanistic studies, Latin was a must.
Grammar schools in Europe and especially England during this time were Latin schools, and the first secondary school established in America by the Puritans was a Latin school as well. But beginning in the 14th century, writers started to use the vernacular in their works, which slowly chipped away at Latin’s central importance in education. This trend for English-language learning accelerated in the 19th century; schools shifted from turning out future clergymen to graduating businessmen who would take their place in an industrializing economy. An emphasis on the liberal arts slowly gave way to what was considered a more practical education in reading, writing, and arithmetic.
While Latin had been dying a slow death for hundreds of years, it still had a strong presence in schools until the middle of the 20th century. Beginning in the 1960s, college students demanded that the curriculum be more open, inclusive, and less Euro-centric. Among their suggested changes was eliminating Latin as a required course for all students. To quell student protests, universities began to slowly phase out the Latin requirement, and because colleges stopped requiring Latin, many high schools in America stopped offering Latin classes, too. Around the same time, the Catholic Church revised its liturgy and permitted priests to lead Mass in vernacular languages instead of Latin, thus eliminating one of the public’s last ties to the ancient language.
While it’s no longer a requirement for a man to know Latin to get ahead in life, it’s still a great subject to study. I had to take classes in Latin as part of my “Letters” major at the University of Oklahoma, and I really enjoyed it. Even if you’re well out of school yourself, there are a myriad of reasons why you should still consider obtaining at least a rudimentary knowledge of the language:
Knowing Latin can improve your English vocabulary. While English is a Germanic language, Latin has strongly influenced it. Most of our prefixes and some of the roots of common English words derive from Latin. By some estimates, 30% of English words derive from the ancient language. By knowing the meaning of these Latin words, if you chance to come across a word you’ve never seen before, you can make an educated guess at what it means. In fact, studies have found that high school students who studied Latin scored a mean of 647 on the SAT verbal exam, compared with the national average of 505.
Knowing Latin can improve your foreign language vocabulary. Much of the commonly spoken Romantic languages like Spanish, French, and Italian derived from Vulgar Latin. You’ll be surprised by the number of Romantic words that are pretty much the same as their Latin counterparts.
Many legal terms are in Latin. Nolo contendere. Mens rea. Caveat emptor. Do you know what those mean? They’re actually common legal terms. While strides have been made to translate legal writing into plain English, you’ll still see old Latin phrases thrown into legal contracts every now and then. To be an educated citizen and consumer, you need to know what these terms mean. If you plan on going to law school, I highly recommend boning up on Latin. You’ll run into it all the time, particularly when reading older case law.
Knowing Latin can give you more insight to history and literature. Latin was the langua franca of the West for over a thousand years. Consequently, much of our history, science, and great literature was first recorded in Latin. Reading these classics in the original language can give you insights you otherwise may have missed by consuming it in English.
Moreover, modern writers (and by modern I mean beginning in the 17th century) often pepper their work with Latin words and phrases without offering a translation because they (reasonably) expect the reader to be familiar with it. This is true of great books from even just a few decades ago (seems much less common these days – which isn’t a hopeful commentary on the direction of the public’s literacy I would think). Not having a rudimentary knowledge of Latin will cause you to miss out on fully understanding what the writer meant to convey.
Below we’ve put together a list of Latin words and phrases to help pique your interest in learning this classical language. This list isn’t exhaustive by any stretch of the imagination. We’ve included some of the most common Latin words and phrases that you still see today, which are helpful to know in boosting your all-around cultural literacy. We’ve also included some particularly virile sayings, aphorisms, and mottos that can inspire greatness or remind us of important truths. Perhaps you’ll find a Latin phrase that you can adopt as your personal motto.Semper Virilis!
Latin Words and Phrases Every Man Should Know
a posteriori | from the latter -- knowledge or justification is dependent on experience or empirical evidence |
a priori | from what comes before -- knowledge or justification is independent of experience |
faber est suae quisque fortunae | every man is the artisan of his own fortune -- quote by Appius Claudius Caecus |
acta non verba | deeds, not words |
ad hoc | to this -- improvised or made up |
ad hominem | to the man -- below-the-belt personal attack rather than a reasoned argument |
ad honorem | for honor |
ad infinitum | to infinity |
ad nauseam | used to describe an argument that has been taking place to the point of nausea |
ad victoriam | to victory -- more commonly translated into "for victory," this was a battle cry of the Romans |
alea iacta est | the die has been cast |
alias | at another time -- an assumed name or pseudonym |
alibi | elsewhere |
alma mater | nourishing mother -- used to denote one's college/university |
amor patriae | love of one's country |
amor vincit omnia | love conquers all |
annuit cœptis | He (God) nods at things being begun -- or "he approves our undertakings," motto on the reverse of the Great Seal of the United States and on the back of the United States one-dollar bill |
ante bellum | before the war -- commonly used in the Southern United States as antebellum to refer to the period preceding the American Civil War |
ante meridiem | before noon -- A.M., used in timekeeping |
aqua vitae | water of life -- used to refer to various native distilled beverages, such as whisky (uisge beatha) in Scotland and Ireland, gin in Holland, and brandy (eau de vie) in France |
arte et marte | by skill and valour |
astra inclinant, sed non obligant | the stars incline us, they do not bind us -- refers to the strength of free will over astrological determinism |
audemus jura nostra defendere | we dare to defend our rights -- state motto of Alabama |
audere est facere | to dare is to do |
audio | I hear |
aurea mediocritas | golden mean -- refers to the ethical goal of reaching a virtuous middle ground between two sinful extremes |
auribus teneo lupum | I hold a wolf by the ears -- a common ancient proverb; indicates that one is in a dangerous situation where both holding on and letting go could be deadly; a modern version is, "to have a tiger by the tail" |
aut cum scuto aut in scuto | either with shield or on shield -- do or die, "no retreat"; said by Spartan mothers to their sons as they departed for battle |
aut neca aut necare | either kill or be killed |
aut viam inveniam aut faciam | I will either find a way or make one -- said by Hannibal, the great ancient military commander |
barba non facit philosophum | a beard doesn't make one a philosopher |
bellum omnium contra omnes | war of all against all |
bis dat qui cito dat | he gives twice, who gives promptly -- a gift given without hesitation is as good as two gifts |
bona fide | good faith |
bono malum superate | overcome evil with good |
carpe diem | seize the day |
caveat emptor | let the buyer beware -- the purchaser is responsible for checking whether the goods suit his need |
circa | around, or approximately |
citius altius fortius | faster, higher, stronger -- modern Olympics motto |
cogito ergo sum | "I think therefore I am" -- famous quote by Rene Descartes |
contemptus mundi/saeculi | scorn for the world/times -- despising the secular world, the monk or philosopher's rejection of a mundane life and worldly values |
corpus christi | body of Christ |
corruptissima re publica plurimae leges | when the republic is at its most corrupt the laws are most numerous -- said by Tacitus |
creatio ex nihilo | creation out of nothing -- a concept about creation, often used in a theological or philosophical context |
cura te ipsum | take care of your own self -- an exhortation to physicians, or experts in general, to deal with their own problems before addressing those of others |
curriculum vitae | the course of one's life -- in business, a lengthened resume |
de facto | from the fact -- distinguishing what's supposed to be from what is reality |
deo volente | God willing |
deus ex machina | God out of a machine -- a term meaning a conflict is resolved in improbable or implausible ways |
dictum factum | what is said is done |
disce quasi semper victurus vive quasi cras moriturus | learn as if you're always going to live; live as if tomorrow you're going to die |
discendo discimus | while teaching we learn |
docendo disco, scribendo cogito | I learn by teaching, think by writing |
ductus exemplo | leadership by example |
ducunt volentem fata, nolentem trahunt | the fates lead the willing and drag the unwilling -- attributed to Lucius Annaeus Seneca |
dulce bellum inexpertis | war is sweet to the inexperienced |
dulce et decorum est pro patria mori | it is sweet and fitting to die for your country |
dulcius ex asperis | sweeter after difficulties |
e pluribus unum | out of many, one -- on the U.S. seal, and was once the country's de facto motto |
emeritus | veteran -- retired from office |
ergo | therefore |
et alii | and others -- abbreviated et al. |
et cetera | and the others |
et tu, Brute? | last words of Caesar after being murdered by friend Brutus in Shakespeare's "Julius Caesar," used today to convey utter betrayal |
ex animo | from the heart -- thus, "sincerely" |
ex libris | from the library of -- to mark books from a library |
ex nihilo | out of nothing |
ex post facto | from a thing done afterward -- said of a law with retroactive effect |
fac fortia et patere | do brave deeds and endure |
fac simile | make alike -- origin of the word "fax" |
flectere si nequeo superos, acheronta movebo | if I cannot move heaven I will raise hell -- Virgil's Aeneid |
fortes fortuna adiuvat | fortune favors the bold |
fortis in arduis | strong in difficulties |
gloria in excelsis Deo | glory to God in the highest |
habeas corpus | you should have the body -- a legal term from the 14th century or earlier; commonly used as the general term for a prisoner's legal right to challenge the legality of their detention |
habemus papam | we have a pope -- used after a Catholic Church papal election to announce publicly a successful ballot to elect a new pope |
historia vitae magistra | history, the teacher of life -- from Cicero; also "history is the mistress of life" |
hoc est bellum | this is war |
homo unius libri (timeo) | (I fear) a man of one book -- attributed to Thomas Aquinas |
honor virtutis praemium | esteem is the reward of virtue |
hostis humani generis | enemy of the human race -- Cicero defined pirates in Roman law as being enemies of humanity in general |
humilitas occidit superbiam | humility conquers pride |
igne natura renovatur integra | through fire, nature is reborn whole |
ignis aurum probat | fire tests gold -- a phrase referring to the refining of character through difficult circumstances |
in absentia | in the absence |
in aqua sanitas | in water there is health |
in flagrante delicto | in flaming crime -- caught red-handed, or in the act |
in memoriam | into the memory -- more commonly "in memory of" |
in omnia paratus | ready for anything |
in situ | in position -- something that exists in an original or natural state |
in toto | in all or entirely |
in umbra, igitur, pugnabimus | then we will fight in the shade -- made famous by Spartans in the battle of Thermopylae and by the movie 300 |
in utero | in the womb |
in vitro | in glass -- biological process that occurs in the lab |
incepto ne desistam | may I not shrink from my purpose |
intelligenti pauca | few words suffice for he who understands |
invicta | unconquered |
invictus maneo | I remain unvanquished |
ipso facto | by the fact itself -- something is true by its very nature |
labor omnia vincit | hard work conquers all |
laborare pugnare parati sumus | to work, (or) to fight; we are ready |
labore et honore | by labor and honor |
leges sine moribus vanae | laws without morals [are] vain |
lex parsimoniae | law of succinctness -- also known as Occam's Razor, the simplest explanation is usually the correct one |
lex talionis | the law of retaliation |
magna cum laude | with great praise |
magna est vis consuetudinis | great is the power of habit |
magnum opus | great work -- said of someone's masterpiece |
mala fide | in bad faith -- said of an act done with knowledge of its illegality, or with intention to defraud or mislead someone; opposite of bona fide |
malum in se | wrong in itself -- a legal term meaning that something is inherently wrong |
malum prohibitum | wrong due to being prohibited -- a legal term meaning that something is only wrong because it is against the law |
mea culpa | my fault |
meliora | better things -- carrying the connotation of "always better" |
memento mori | remember that [you will] die -- was whispered by a servant into the ear of a victorious Roman general to check his pride as he paraded through cheering crowds after a victory; a genre of art meant to remind the viewer of the reality of his death |
memento vivere | remember to live |
memores acti prudentes futuri | mindful of what has been done, aware of what will be |
modus operandi | method of operating -- abbreviated M.O. |
montani semper liberi | mountaineers [are] always free -- state motto of West Virginia |
morior invictus | death before defeat |
morituri te salutant | those who are about to die salute you -- popularized as a standard salute from gladiators to the emperor, but only recorded once in Roman history |
morte magis metuenda senectus | old age should rather be feared than death |
mulgere hircum | to milk a male goat -- to attempt the impossible |
multa paucis | say much in few words |
nanos gigantum humeris insidentes | dwarfs standing on the shoulders of giants -- commonly known by the letters of Isaac Newton: "If I have seen further it is by standing on the shoulders of giants" |
nec aspera terrent | they don't terrify the rough ones -- frightened by no difficulties, less literally "difficulties be damned" |
nec temere nec timide | neither reckless nor timid |
nil volentibus arduum | nothing [is] arduous for the willing |
nolo contendere | I do not wish to contend -- that is, "no contest"; a plea that can be entered on behalf of a defendant in a court that states that the accused doesn't admit guilt, but will accept punishment for a crime |
non ducor, duco | I am not led; I lead |
non loqui sed facere | not talk but action |
non progredi est regredi | to not go forward is to go backward |
non scholae, sed vitae discimus | we learn not for school, but for life -- from Seneca |
non sequitur | it does not follow -- in general, a comment which is absurd due to not making sense in its context (rather than due to being inherently nonsensical or internally inconsistent), often used in humor |
non sum qualis eram | I am not such as I was -- or "I am not the kind of person I once was" |
nosce te ipsum | know thyself -- from Cicero |
novus ordo seclorum | new order of the ages -- from Virgil; motto on the Great Seal of the United States |
nulla tenaci invia est via | for the tenacious, no road is impassable |
obliti privatorum, publica curate | forget private affairs, take care of public ones -- Roman political saying which reminds that common good should be given priority over private matters for any person having a responsibility in the State |
panem et circenses | bread and circuses -- originally described all that was needed for emperors to placate the Roman mob; today used to describe any entertainment used to distract public attention from more important matters |
para bellum | prepare for war -- if you want peace, prepare for war—if a country is ready for war, its enemies are less likely to attack |
parvis imbutus tentabis grandia tutus | when you are steeped in little things, you shall safely attempt great things -- sometimes translated as, "once you have accomplished small things, you may attempt great ones safely" |
pater familias | father of the family -- the eldest male in a family |
pecunia, si uti scis, ancilla est; si nescis, domina | if you know how to use money, money is your slave; if you don't, money is your master |
per angusta ad augusta | through difficulties to greatness |
per annum | by the year |
per capita | by the person |
per diem | by the day |
per se | through itself |
persona non grata | person not pleasing -- an unwelcome, unwanted or undesirable person |
pollice verso | with a turned thumb -- used by Roman crowds to pass judgment on a defeated gladiator |
post meridiem | after noon -- P.M., used in timekeeping |
post mortem | after death |
postscriptum | thing having been written afterward -- in writing, abbreviated P.S. |
praemonitus praemunitus | forewarned is forearmed |
praesis ut prosis ne ut imperes | lead in order to serve, not in order to rule |
primus inter pares | first among equals -- a title of the Roman Emperors |
pro bono | for the good -- in business, refers to services rendered at no charge |
pro rata | for the rate |
quam bene vivas referre (or refert), non quam diu | it is how well you live that matters, not how long -- from Seneca |
quasi | as if or as though |
qui totum vult totum perdit | he who wants everything loses everything -- attributed to Seneca |
quid agis | what's going on? -- what's up, what's happening, etc. |
quid pro quo | this for that -- an exchange of value |
quidquid Latine dictum sit altum videtur | whatever has been said in Latin seems deep -- or "anything said in Latin sounds profound"; a recent ironic Latin phrase to poke fun at people who seem to use Latin phrases and quotations only to make themselves sound more important or "educated" |
quis custodiet ipsos custodes? | who will guard the guards themselves? -- commonly associated with Plato |
quorum | of whom -- the number of members whose presence is required under the rules to make any given meeting constitutional |
requiescat in pace | let him rest in peace -- abbreviated R.I.P. |
rigor mortis | stiffness of death |
scientia ac labore | knowledge through hard work |
scientia ipsa potentia est | knowledge itself is power |
semper anticus | always forward |
semper fidelis | always faithful -- U.S. Marines motto |
semper fortis | always brave |
semper paratus | always prepared |
semper virilis | always virile |
si vales, valeo | when you are strong, I am strong |
si vis pacem, para bellum | if you want peace, prepare for war |
sic parvis magna | greatness from small beginnings -- motto of Sir Frances Drake |
sic semper tyrannis | thus always to tyrants -- attributed to Brutus at the time of Julius Caesar's assassination, and to John Wilkes Booth at the time of Abraham Lincoln's assassination; whether it was actually said at either of these events is disputed |
sic vita est | thus is life -- the ancient version of "it is what it is" |
sola fide | by faith alone |
sola nobilitat virtus | virtue alone ennobles |
solvitur ambulando | it is solved by walking |
spes bona | good hope |
statim (stat) | immediately -- medical shorthand |
status quo | the situation in which or current condition |
subpoena | under penalty |
sum quod eris | I am what you will be -- a gravestone inscription to remind the reader of the inevitability of death |
summa cum laude | with highest praise |
summum bonum | the supreme good |
suum cuique | to each his own |
tabula rasa | scraped tablet -- "blank slate"; John Locke used the term to describe the human mind at birth, before it had acquired any knowledge |
tempora heroica | Heroic Age |
tempus edax rerum | time, devourer of all things |
tempus fugit | time flees -- commonly mistranslated "time flies" |
terra firma | firm ground |
terra incognita | unknown land -- used on old maps to show unexplored areas |
vae victis | woe to the conquered |
vanitas vanitatum omnia vanitas | vanity of vanities; everything [is] vanity -- from the Bible (Ecclesiastes 1) |
veni vidi vici | I came, I saw, I conquered -- famously said by Julius Caesar |
verbatim | repeat exactly |
veritas et aequitas | truth and equity |
versus | against |
veto | I forbid |
vice versa | to change or turn around |
vincit qui patitur | he conquers who endures |
vincit qui se vincit | he conquers who conquers himself |
vir prudens non contra ventum mingit | [a] wise man does not urinate [up] against the wind |
virile agitur | the manly thing is being done |
viriliter agite | act in a manly way |
viriliter agite estote fortes | quit ye like men, be strong |
virtus tentamine gaudet | strength rejoices in the challenge |
virtute et armis | by virtue and arms -- or "by manhood and weapons"; state motto of Mississippi |
vive memor leti | live remembering death |
vivere est vincere | to live is to conquer -- Captain John Smith's personal motto |
vivere militare est | to live is to fight |
vox populi | voice of the people |
What are your favorite Latin phrases? Any other important Latin words and phrases that you think a modern man should know? Share with us in the comments!
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